Oedipus_Tex

Stated in plain English, all bonuses and penalties to Recharge time actually buff or debuff a multiplier instead of Base Recharge Time itself. The multiplier increases or decreases based on any buffs or debuffs received.

(It has to be set up this way. Otherwise, +100% Recharge would cause a power to recharge instantly, and -100% Recharge would cause it to never recharge.)

The debuffs mentioned in the formula can be read straight out of a power's description. The Blaster version of Ice Bolt, for example, provides -20% Recharge per application. To actually interpret that number, it's helpful to change it from a percentage to a multiplier. You can do that by simply plugging values it into the formula and use 1 as the BaseRechargeTime.

The resulting multiplier is 1.25, meaning all recharge times are 1.25 times longer for the duration. A power that normally recharges in 5 seconds now recharges in 5 * 1.25 = 6.25 seconds.


Recharge Caps
The maximum possible -Recharge achievable on an enemy is -75%. At this value, all powers take four times as long to Recharge.


The Purple Patch
Your next question might be, if -Recharge is capped at -75%, why do some powers, such as the Controller version of Shiver, have base values greater than 75%? The answer to this is called the "purple patch," so called because it is a piece of code introduced via a patch to the game some time ago, intended specifically to make higher level (i.e. "purple") enemies more difficult to defeat by adding, among other things, debuff resistance. The purple patch reduces -Recharge (and all other resistable things) as follows:

In other words, -Recharge powers used on a +4 enemy operate at only 48% of their base value. The -75% cap on -Recharge is applied after the purple patch, so it is still possible to max out values by stacking powers.


The Sustainability Problem
It's not enough to calculate the effectiveness of -Recharge by looking at the -Recharge values by themselves. You also have to know how long the -Recharge effect will be in place. A very high value, low duration -Recharge effect can actually have less overall effect on the enemy than a medium value, long duration one. That's because -Recharge penalties apply continuously; every server tick the enemy spends under a penalty counts against it.

In other words, flooring an enemy's recharge for 10 seconds increases the enemies recharge time only during those ten seconds. Consider a power with a base recharge time of 15 seconds. If you floored an enemy's recharge (ideally at the exact moment the power was expended), what would happen is the enemy's recharge rate would be reduced by x4 for the first ten seconds, but then return to normal. The ten seconds the enemy spent under the penalty would count as if they were really about 2.5 seconds of recharge time (75% of base). The power would take about 22 seconds to recharge in total. Contrast this with the 60 seconds it would take to recharge if you floored recharge on the enemy and kept it floored for all 60 seconds of the (penalized) recharge time.

The lesson in this? You should aim not only to reduce the enemy's recharge as much as possible, but to keep it there.


The Large Value Effect
Notice that -Recharge becomes much more effective as it approaches the -75% cap. If going after -Recharge, its worth it to try to get as close to the cap as possible for maximum effectiveness. The last few points of -Recharge count much more than the initial points. It takes -50% Recharge to move the multiplier from x1 to x2, but only 8 points make the difference between x3 and x4.


What it Really Means
Another point to understand is that -Recharge only has meaning on powers that have been expended. It does not stop from using a power that is currently completely recharged. That tends to mean that characters who rely on -Recharge can have trouble dealing with an alpha strike, but things go smoothly after the opening seconds of a fight. Two ways to get around this are to combine -Recharge with good defense or -ToHit to avoid the alpha, or using a power like Arctic Air to confuse enemies into hitting each other.


The Multiple Power Problem
When trying to quantify how much effect -Recharge really has, one open question is how many powers the enemy has available. An enemy with very few powers will tend to suffer more than an enemy with several powers to pick from. It isn't just the overall power count that matters, either. An enemy with a selection of melee powers and one or two ranged powers might suffer more than an enemy with 3 or 4 ranged powers only, if you can stay out of melee. There is a distinct possibility this could bork some enemy AI, although I have never tested for it.

What it boils down to is that -Recharge is good for reducing the rate at which enemies get to use their single best powers. Many enemies will not be completely prevented from attacking; they will, however, be prevented from using their best powers as frequently. This includes powers that are not attacks, like Tsoo Sorcerors trying to use heals and enemies trying to chain holds and sleeps.


The Mezz Problem
One vexing dilemma for -Recharge is that mezzed enemies continue to recharge even while held. Also, if the fight opens with a hold or stun, the enemies have not yet expended any of their powers yet, and -Recharge doesn't have any effect. This can result in a surprise barrage of damage once the enemies break the mezz.

On the other hand, -Recharge isn't subject to boss defenses, big bubbles, or Clear Mind type powers, and resistance to -Recharge in the field is rare.

Overall, -Recharge should be seen as a kind of insurance policy. It defines the maximum possible rate an enemy can re-use its best powers. It does not "lock out" an enemy like a mezz does, but operates on a totally different level, adding an extra layer of security.


Myths About -Recharge
Several myths abound about -Recharge. I've addressed a few of the most prevalent below.

You can debuff an enemy's Recharge to the point that powers never recharge.
The maximum -Recharge debuff is -75%. This results in all powers recharging x4 slower.

-Recharge is never as useful as other secondary effects.
It depends. It's not lockdown, but it works regardless of enemy rank (e.g. against bosses) and is rarely resisted.

-Recharge reduces animation speed.
No. In some other games Ice powers have this effect, but in CoX, only the recharge rate is affected, not animation times. -Recharge is frequently paired with slow powers that slow run speed, but powers always animate at the same rate.

-Recharge affects players worse than enemies.
This is only partially a myth. While -Recharge can wreck a player, it can also wreck enemies, because enemies have so many fewer powers to fall back on when their recharge drops. The reason it might appear otherwise is most players experience groups of enemies instead of individuals. The overall mechanics work the same for both players and enemies.

-Recharge is always a good reason to pick a power.
Again it depends. The amount of -Recharge in some power sets (e.g. Trick Arrow) is so small that it has very little effect without something to stack it with. -Recharge is a good thing to have if you can reliably hit around -50% or greater (that is, x2), with -75% always the goal. Less than -50% will not contribute much.

If enemies are still attacking after I use -Recharge, it means -Recharge doesn't affect them much.
Not necessarily. What -Recharge does is prevent them from using their best powers as often as they'd like. The enemy will often have at least 3 to 5 powers total, and may use its other powers, but it can't cycle back to the powers you fear most as quickly. The other possibility is that you haven't debuffed them as much as you think you have. See the chart below showing the effects of the Purple Patch on various powers. Note that not a single AoE power can increase the Recharge of a group of +4 enemies by up to twice the normal recharge time. Several sets can do it (most notably Ice Control) by stacking powers, however.



Chart of -Recharge Powers Showing Raw Percentages and Resulting Multipliers
The chart below demonstrates Recharge rates applied by some ATs to enemies of various levels.

[EDIT: I recently discovered that both Recharge and duration vary by AT. The chart below shows some samples. You should look up the numbers for your own AT to figure out your actual values.]




Archvillains
In addition to the normal resistance enemies receive for being higher level than you, Archvillain enemies receive a base resistance that stacks on top of the purple patch. The amount of resistance an AV receives varies with its level, but AVs between level 50 and 54 resist about 85% to 87% of your debuffs. This is after applying the purple patch, so if you are level 50 fighting a level 54 AV, your efforts are penalized by 48% (for a +4 enemy) and then again for an 87% (from AV resistance). This wittles down even the strongest -Recharge powers considerably.

The table below demonstrates the effects of selected powersets against AVs of various levels. Note that even Ice Control struggles to substantially affect the recharge of AVs. Of course, against an AV, AoE powers matter less and you can rely on your single target abilities to stack better numbers. The table assumes the player is level 50. Also note that the table only shows AoE powers, and is for demonstration purposes only. In real life, you would be using single target powers instead--the table merely shows these powers because it is what I had time to put together, based on info from the previous table.

More info about AV resistance can be found here: http://wiki.cohtitan.com/wiki/Archvillain

[EDIT: I found a bug with the numbers below that I don't have time to fix at the moment. Powers that have a base -Recharge greater than the 75% cap are shown below as if they were set to 75%. This mostly effects Ice Control's Shiver and Cold Domination's Heat Loss, which actually have better numbers.]




Questions? Concerns? Hit me up. I won't guarantee this is perfect, but it's a start.

Well again, it's a matter of opinion. I think with just about any power we can hypothesize about a scenario where it's not useful. What should really count are the numerous situations where it is.

Relative to the other control sets, Fire has poor control. What it does have is damage, but only if you opt into the powers that bring it. This is the reason I would personally never skip Hot Feet on a Fire build. If I wanted a strong support character I'd go with a different primary, unless it was a concept build (and this is strategy discussion, right?)

I respect your opinion but I disagree. Thermal's rezz is the single most endurance-expensive power available to a Controller. It does have good damage and a good mag 4 stun. The only problem is that makes a rezz that draws aggro, and if you cast it when you need it most it takes away most of your endurance and draws attention to you at the worst possible moment. Also, the base Recharge time of 300 seconds is brutal compared to other rezz powers (90 seconds in Empathy and Radiation, for example). Thermal is a strong healing set; I often found myself much better off by carrying wakies to hand to people and simply Thaw > Cauterizing them.

As for Hot Feet, I would pretty much never skip it with a Fire Controller. Opinions vary, but mine is basically that any Fire build that skips Hot Feet (or Arctic Air for an Ice Controller) is sacrificing overall strength on the altar of false "synergy." Simply put, I wouldn't build a Fire character who didn't expect to spend some time in melee, regardless of how other powers in the set operate.

Agreed. SSK was a genius move.

This is pretty much my feeling about it as well. The only reason to do it differently would be to try to get Dark Control to Dominators, I guess.

I think what you mean is "Hurricane doesn't help with attacks from outside its radius." It definitely does effect "ranged attacks."

(edited to include more background, was cut off previously)

-Recharge is capped at -75%. At this value, an enemy's powers take 4 times as long as to recharge. The Ice Control power Shiver can instantly drop a same level enemy to this floor (base -80-ish percent Recharge, I'm on a lunchbreak at work or I'd look up the number.) Snow Storm drops enemies into the 60% range, and Lingering Radiation floors it on same levels but is hard to perma, as you've noted.

In any case, it isn't possible to apply "so much -recharge that enemies...just stand there with nothing to do." For one thing, for -Recharge to have any function, the enemy has to expend its powers. Ice Control gets around this with Arctic Air, which confuses enemies into expending their powers on each other. Trick Arrow has nothing like that.

Secondly, -Recharge increases in worth as it amount increases. When you floor an enemy's -Recharge, you increase the recharge time of its powers by x4. But using numbers you've provided, TAs AoE -Recharge on a same-level group is just 1.25%. Here's how you come up with the number:

The calculation for the recharge multiplier is BaseRechargeTime / ( 1 + Buffs - Debuffs ). In this case, that means 1 / (1 - .2) = 1.25; powers that normally recharge in 5 seconds now recharge in 5 x 1.25 = 6.25 seconds.

Now compare same group hit by Snow Storm. The recharge time is about (1 / (1 - .4)) * 5= 12.5 seconds--almost twice as effective. Next, look at Shiver or Lingering Radiation. The recharge time is (1 / (1 - .25)) * 5 = 20 seconds, or over three times as effective.

I won't bother calculating the value of the two single target -Recharges in TA. I don't know why you'd worry about stacking weak single target -Recharge on an enemy. The only things likely to live long enough for it to matter are AVs and they are so resistant to the effect you have to hammer them with huge values for it to have much effect. The powers might have an impact for a TA/Ice, or Ice Control/TA--but in the latter case, Ice Control can already floor recharge on a standard group, all the way up to +4 enemies, so I doubt the impact even then.

Power Boost doesn't boost Knockback regardless. I think it used to, but doesn't now. There isn't a conflict between Knockback and PB so no need to flag those powers unenhanceable.

Where the conflict mainly exists is between powers with a Resistance component and Aim, Build Up, Fulcrum Shift or other +Damage powers. As I think someone said earlier in the thread, if Resistance powers weren't flagged to not receive buffs, if you cast Cold, Sonic, or Thermal shields after getting hit with Fulcrum, you'd instantly cap the resistance of anything you cast at.

Also, to anyone who's still needs some clarification to how Power Boost is working, it's basically exactly like the global mezz boosts you get from set bonuses, except more noticeable and temporary.

I wonder why they proliferated it into the new-ish Earth Assault set for Dominators then? Weird.

I think Power Boost works on Benumb, which if true is reason enough to keep it around.

Oops. Well that's what Texas math gets you. That's actually a huge mistake I made in some calculations a while back and no one has ever pointed them out. Thanks for taking the time to teach me to do basic math correctly.